2017年北京高考英語試題及參考答案

來源：人民網(wǎng)-教育頻道  2017年06月12日10:13

本試卷共16頁，共150分�？荚嚂r長120分鐘�？忌鷦�(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效�？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

　　第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

　　做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

　　第一節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

　　聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

　　例：What is the man going to read？

　　A.A newspaper。 B.A magazine。 C.A book。

　　答案是A

　　1.When will the film start？

　　A.At 5：00。 B.At 6：00。 C.At 7：00。

　　2.Which club will the man join？

　　A.The film club。 B.The travel club。 C.The sports club。

　　3.What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday？

　　A.Sunny。 B.Windy。 C.Snowy。

　　4.What does the man want to cut out of paper？

　　A.A fish。 B.A bird。 C.A monkey。

　　5.Where does the conversation most probably take place？

　　A.In a library。 B.At a bookstore。 C.In a museum。

　　第二節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

　　聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

　　聽第6短材料，回答第6至7題。

　　6.Why does the woman make the call？

　　A.To make an invitation。

　　B.To ask for information。

　　C.To discuss a holiday plan 。

　　7.How much does the woman need to pay for the minibus？

　　A。$50。 B。$150。 C。$350。

　　聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。

　　8.What are the two sperkers mainly talking about？

　　A.Electronic waste。 B.Soil pollution。 C.Recyling benefits。

　　9.What does the woman decide to do with her cell hpone in the end？

　　A.Throw it away。 B.Keep it at home。 C.Sell it to be recycled。

　　聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

　　10.What is the possible relationship between the sperkers？

　　A.Friends。 B.Wife and husband。 C.Business partners。

　　11.Where does the woman work now？

　　A.In a school。 B.In a restaurant。 C.In a travel agency。

　　12.What are the two sperkers going to do？

　　A.To take a trip。 B.To have a coffee。 C.To attend a meeting。

　　聽第9段材料，回答第13至15題。

　　13.What has been improved according to the speaker？

　　A.The train station。 B.The bus service。 C.The parking lot。

　　14.How does the speaker get to her office today？

　　A.By bus and on foot。 B.By train and by bus。 C.By train and on foot。

　　15.Who is the speaker？

　　A.A reporter。

　　B.A policeman。

　　C.A photographer。

　　第三節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）

　　聽下面一段對話，完成16至20五道小題，每小題僅填一個詞。聽對話前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時間。這段對話你將聽兩遍。

　　第二部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45 分）

　　第一節(jié) 單項填空（共 15 小題；每小題 1 分，共 15 分）

　　從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

　　21。 Samuel， the tallest boy in our class， ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf。

　　A。 must B。 should C。 can D。 need

　　22。 —Peter， please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited。

　　—No problem。

　　A。 but B。 or C。 for D。 so

　　23。 Every year， ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival。

　　A。 whatever B。 whoever C。 whomever D。 whichever

　　24。 —______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday？

　　—Yes。 They are happy with it。

　　A。 Did you call B。 Have you called C。 Will you call D。 Were you calling

　　25。 ______ birds use their feathers for flight， some of their feathers are for other purposes。

　　A。 Once B。 If C。 Although D。 Because

　　26。 Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street， not knowing ______she was heading。

　　A。 why B。 where C。 how D。 when

　　27。 Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time。

　　A。 save B。 saving

　　C。 to save D。 saved

　　28。 If you don’t understand something， you may research， study， and talk to other people _______ you figure it out。

　　A。 because B。 though C。 until D。 since

　　29。 In the 1950s in the USA， most families had just one phone at home， and wireless phones _______ yet。

　　A。 haven’t invented B。 haven’t been invented

　　C。 hadn’t invented D。 hadn’t been invented

　　30。 The national park has a large collection of wildlife， _________ from butterflies to elephants。

　　A。 ranging B。 range C。 to range D。 ranged

　　31。 The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions。

　　A。 that B。 as C。 where D。 when

　　32.Jim has retired， but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students。

　　A。 to spend B。 spend C。 spending D。 spent

　　33.People______better access to health care than they used to，and they’re living longer as result。

　　A.will have

　　B。 have

　　C.had

　　D.had had

　　34。 If the new safety system _______ to use， the accident would never have happened。

　　A。 had been put B。 were put C。 should be put D。 would be put

　　35。 Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry。

　　A。 at B。 in C。 on D。 by

　　第二節(jié) 完形填空（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，共 30 分）

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

　　Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl form Manitoba，Canada.One day， when she was five years old，she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg.They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can.She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry.Hannah was very 37 。She couldn‘t understand why some people had to live their without shelter or enough food.Hannah started to think about how she could 38 ，but，of course，there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve（解決）the problem of homelessness。

　　Later ，when Hannah attended school， she saw another homeless person。 It was a woman， 39 an old shopping trolley（購物車）which was piled with 40 。 It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them。 This made Hannah very sad， and even more 41 to do something.She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man。 Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad， she wouldn’ t 43 as bad。

　　Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces.She hoped to 44 her message of hope and awareness.She started the Ladybug Foudation ，an organization aiming at getting rid of bomekssacss。 She began to “Big Bosses” lunches， where she would try to persuade local business Leaders to 46 to the cause.She also organized a fundraising（募捐）drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone`s spare change during “Make Change” month。 More recently， the foundation began another 47 called National Red Scarf Day-a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada`s 48 and homeless。

　　There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah`s Place”，something that Hannah is very 49 of。 Hannah`s Place is divided into several areas，providing shelter for people when it is so cold that 50 outdoors can mean death.In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities，she hasreceived a lot of 51 。

　　For example， she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young people to change the world。 But 53 all this， Hannah still has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl， except that she pays regular visits to homeless people。

　　Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the world.You can，too！

　　36。 A。 jumping B。 eating C。 crying D。 waving

　　37。 A。 annoyed B。 nervous C。 ashamed D。 upset

　　38。 A。 behave B。 manage C。 help D。 work

　　39。 A。 pushing B。 carrying C。 buying D。 holding

　　40。 A。 goods B。 bottles C。 foods D。 bags

　　41。 A。 excited B。 determined C。 energetic D。 grateful

　　42。 A。 since B。 unless C。 although D。 as

　　43。 A。 sound B。 get C。 feel D。 look

　　44。 A。 exchange B。 leave C。 keep D。 spread

　　45。 A。 sell B。 deliver C。 host D。 pack

　　46。 A。 contribute B。 lead C。 apply D。 agree

　　47。 A。 campaign B。 trip C。 procedure D。 trial

　　48。 A。 elderly B。 hungry C。 lonely D。 sick

　　49。 A。 aware B。 afraid C。 proud D。 sure

　　50 A。 going B。 sleeping C。 traveling D。 playing

　　51。 A。 praises B。 invitations C。 replies D。 appointments

　　52。 A。 needs B。 interests C。 dreams D。 efforts

　　53。 A。 for B。 through C。 besides D。 along

　　54。 A。 healthy B。 public C。 normal D。 tough

　　55。 A。 choice B。 profit C。 judgement D。 difference

　　第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40 分）

　　第一節(jié) （共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，共 30 分）

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

　　A

　　It was a cold March day in High Point， North Carolina。 The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice， stamping their feet to stay warm， Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered（發(fā)抖） a little as she watched her zxxk teammate Paris White play。 The two didn’t know each other well —Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before。

　　Suddenly， Paris fell to the ground，“Paris’s eye rolled back，” Taylor says。 “She started shaking 。 I knew it was an emergency。”

　　It certainly was， Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure。 Without immediate medical care， Paris would die。 “Does anyone know CPR？”

　　CPR is a life-saving technique。 To do CPR， you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs。 Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly。

　　Amazingly， Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before。 Still， she hesitated。 She didn’t think she knew it well enough。 But when no one else came forward， Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR， “It was scary。 I knew it was the difference between life and death，” says Taylor。

　　Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down。 One girl called 911。 Two more ran to get the school nurse， who brought a defibrillator， an electronic devices（器械） that can shock the heart back into work。 Luck stayed with them： Paris’ heartbeat returned。

　　“I know I was really lucky，” Paris say now。 “Most people don’t survive this。 My team saved my life”

　　Experts say Paris is right： For a sudden heart failure， the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly。

　　Today， Paris is back on the softball team。 Taylor will apply to college soon。 She wants to be a nurse。 “I feel more confident in my actions now，” Taylor says。 “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation�！�

　　56.What happened to Paris on a March day？

　　A.She caught a bad cold。

　　B。 She had a sudden heart problem。

　　C.She was knocked down by a ball。

　　D.She shivered terribly during practice

　　57.Why does Paris say she was lucky？

　　A.She made a worthy friend。

　　B。 She recovered from shock。

　　C。 She received immediate CPR。

　　D.She came back on the softball team。

　　58.Which of the following words can best describe Taylor？

　　A.Enthusiastic and kind。

　　B.Courageous and calm。

　　C.Cooperative and generous。

　　D.Ambitious and professional。

　　B

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　　Measles（麻疹）， which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more， was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine（疫苗）。 But the disease is making a comeback， caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly。 Already this year， 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA， compared with 189 for all of last year。

　　The numbers might sound small， but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend。 When vaccination rates are very high， as they still are in the nation as a whole， everyone is protected。 This is called “herd immunity”， which protects the people who get hurt easily， including those who zxxk can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons， babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work。

　　But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in。 When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride， immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger。

　　That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County， California， where 22 measles cases were reported this month， to Brooklyn， N.Y。， where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year。

　　The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades， and it is driven by a real but very small risk。 Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer。

　　Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out（決定不參加） of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten。 Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption（豁免）， sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine。

　　Now， several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out。 But no one does enough to limit exemptions。

　　Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons。 But personal opinions？ Not good enough。 Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide， but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks。

　　63.The first two paragraphs suggest that ____________。

　　A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend

　　B.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention

　　C.anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons

　　D.information about measles spreads quickly

　　64.Herd immunity works well when ____________。

　　A.exemptions are allowed

　　B.several vaccines are used together

　　C.the whole neighborhood is involved in

　　D.new regulations are added to the state laws

　　65.What is the main reason for the comeback of measles？

　　A.The overuse of vaccine。

　　B.The lack of medical care。

　　C.The features of measles itself。

　　D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people。

　　66.What is the purpose of the passage？

　　A.To introduce the idea of exemption。

　　B.To discuss methods to cure measles。

　　C.To stress the importance of vaccination。

　　D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment。

　　D

　　Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil（邪惡） minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly。 The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence（AI） may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want。 In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener， who founded the field of cybernetics（控制論）， put it this way： “If we use， to achieve our purposes， a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere（干預）， we had better be quite sure that the purpose which we really desire�！�

　　A machine with a specific purpose has another quality， one that we usually associate with living things： a wish to preserve its own existence。 For the machine， this quality is not in-born， nor is it something introduced by humans； it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead。 So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee， it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task。 If we are not careful， then， we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined， super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own， with the real world as the chessboard。

　　The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrating the minds of computer scientists。 Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall， using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world。 Unfortunately， that plan seems unlikely to work： we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans， let alone super intelligent machines。

　　Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy。 There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines。 But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand， as it has been by some AI researchers。 Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans。 Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility。 Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen。 On September 11， 1933， famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated， with confidence， “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine。” However， on September 12， 1933， physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced（中子誘導） nuclear chain reaction。

　　67.Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may 。

　　A。 run out of human control

　　B。 satisfy human’s real desires

　　C。 command armies of killer robots

　　D。 work faster than a mathematician

　　68.Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to 。

　　A。 prevent themselves from being destroyed

　　B achieve their original goals independently

　　C。 do anything successfully with given orders

　　D。 beat humans in international chess matches

　　69.According to some researchers， we can use firewalls to 。

　　A。 help super intelligent machines work better

　　B。 be secure against evil human beings

　　C。 keep machines from being harmed

　　D。 avoid robots’ affecting the world

　　70.What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines？

　　A。 It will disappear with the development of AI。

　　B。 It will get worse with human interference。

　　C。 It will be solved but with difficulty。

　　第二節(jié) （共 5 小題；每小題 2 分，共 10 分）

　　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　Every animal sleeps，but the reason for this has remained foggy.When lab rats are not allowed to sleep，they die within a month。 71

　　One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories。 72 We know that，while awake，fresh memories are recorded by reinforeing （加強）connections between brain cells，but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear。

　　Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons（神經(jīng)元）in the brain can be weakened overnight，making room for fresh memories to from the next day。 73

　　Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right。 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep，showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping。

　　If Tononi`s theory is right，it would explain why，when we miss a night`s，we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information-our brains may have smaller room for new experences。

　　Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapscs become thinner.The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size。 75 “You keep what matters，”Tononi says。

　　A。 We should also try to sleep well the night before。

　　B。 Ti’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories。

　　C。 Similarly， when people go for a few days without sleeping， they get sick。

　　D。 The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories。

　　E。 That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning。

　　F。 “Sleep is the price we pay for learning，” says Giulio Tononi， who developed the idea。

　　G。 Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections， or synapses， in the brains of 12 mice。

　　第四部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，35 分）

　　第一節(jié) （15分）

　　你的英國朋友Jim所在的學校要組織學生來中國旅行，有兩條線路可以選擇：“長江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim來信希望你能給些建議。請你給他回信，內(nèi)容包括：

　　1。你建議的線路；

　　2。你的理由；

　　3。你的祝愿。

　　注意：1。詞數(shù)不少于50；

　　2。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

　　Dear Jim，

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　第二節(jié) （20 分）

　　假設(shè)你是紅星中學高三學生李華，請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，記錄畢業(yè)前夕你們制作以“感恩母�！睘橹黝}的畢業(yè)紀念視頻的全過程。注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。提示詞：視頻video